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Władysław Tatarkiewicz (; 3 April 1886, Warsaw – 4 April 1980, Warsaw) was a Polish philosopher, historian of philosophy, historian of art, esthetician, and ethicist.〔"Władysław Tatarkiewicz," ''Encyklopedia Polski'', p. 686.〕 ==Life== Tatarkiewicz began his higher education at Warsaw University. When it was closed by the Russian Imperial authorities in 1905, he was forced to continue his education abroad in Marburg, where he studied from 1907 to 1910.〔Marek Jaworski, ''Władysław Tatarkiewicz'', pp. 26–36.〕 As he describes in his ''Memoirs'', it was a chance encounter with a male relative, whose height made him stand out above the crowd at a Kraków railroad station, upon the outbreak of World War I that led Tatarkiewicz to spend the war years in Warsaw.〔Władysław Tatarkiewicz, ''Wspomnienia'' (Memoirs), p. 144.〕 There he began his career as a lecturer in philosophy, teaching at a girls' school on Mokotowska Street, across the street from where Józef Piłsudski was to reside during his first days after World War I. During World War I, when the Polish University of Warsaw was opened under the sponsorship of the occupying Germans – who wanted to win Polish support for their war effort – Tatarkiewicz directed its philosophy department in 1915–19. In 1919–21 he was professor at Stefan Batory University in Wilno, in 1921–23 at the University of Poznań, and in 1923–61 again at the University of Warsaw. In 1930 he became a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.〔"Władysław Tatarkiewicz," ''Encyklopedia powszechna PWN'', vol. 4, p. 412.〕 During World War II, risking his life, he conducted underground lectures in German-occupied Warsaw〔Władysław Tatarkiewicz, ''Wspomnienia'' (Memoirs), p. 165–68.〕 (one of the auditors was Czesław Miłosz).〔Władysław Tatarkiewicz, ''Wspomnienia'' (Memoirs), p. 171.〕 After the suppression of the Warsaw Uprising (August–October 1944) he again consciously risked his life when retrieving a manuscript from the gutter, where a German soldier had hurled it (this and other materials were later published as a book, in English translation titled ''Analysis of Happiness'').〔 * Władysław Tatarkiewicz, ''Analysis of Happiness'', p. xi.〕 Władysław Tatarkiewicz died the day after his 94th birthday. In his ''Memoirs'', published shortly before, he recalled having been ousted from his University chair by a (politically connected) former student. Characteristically, he saw even that indignity as a blessing in disguise, as it gave him freedom from academic duties and the leisure to pursue research and writing.〔Władysław Tatarkiewicz, ''Wspomnienia'' (Memoirs), p. 119.〕 Tatarkiewicz later reflected that at all crucial junctures of his life he had failed to foresee events, many of them tragic, but that this had probably been for the better, since he could not have altered them anyway.〔Władysław Tatarkiewicz, ''Wspomnienia'' (Memoirs), p. 181.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Władysław Tatarkiewicz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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